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January --- 2007 --- December

News and Notes - CONVENTION REMINDER
Letter from the ILC President
2007 ILC Delegate Convention report
The Superiority of the Received Texts - convention paper - m.e.l
Scripture Most Ancient And Modern Authority - Luther
Apology [defense] of the Augsburg Confession - part 1
The Advent of our King - The Lutheran Hymnal - 68

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NEWS and NOTES

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~ FOR YOUR NOTICE ~
THE 2008 ILC DELEGATE CONVENTION
is to be hosted by
Eternal Savior Ev. Lutheran Church
in Arbor Vitae, Wisconsin

June 19 & 20, 2008

{{{{{ V.B.S. is planned }}}}}

Please make early arrangements to attend.
We pray we will see you and your family there !
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From Eternal Savior Ev. Lutheran Church in Arbor Vitae, WI:

Confirmation: Rachel Lynn Yeomans was confirmed before the congregation on May 27, 2007 and received into communicant membership.

Baptism: Bethany Ruth Yeomans, (born on June 4,2007 to Dave and Julie Yeomans) was baptized on June 10, 2007 in the name of The Father, and of The Son, and of The Holy Ghost. We pray that God will bless her as she grows in years and in faith in Christ Jesus her Savior.

"For the promise is unto you, and to your children,
and to all that are afar off, even as many
as the Lord our God shall call." (Acts 2:39)

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From Trinity Lutheran Church of Ballwin, Missouri:

Funeral:On September 1, 2007 Pastor Wayne A. Popp left this vale of tears and went to heaven where he now beholds his Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ, face to face.

The funeral service was held at Trinity Lutheran Church of Ballwin Missouri at 10:30 A.M. on Wednesday, September 5, 2007. The sermon text was 1st Corinthians 15:1-23 and 35-58, with the theme being: "THE HOPE OF THE RESURRECTION!" Interment was at Our Redeemer's cemetery, St. Louis, Missouri.

"Fear none of those things which thou shalt suffer: behold, the devil shall cast some of you into prison, that ye may be tried; and ye shall have tribulation ten days: be thou faithful unto death, and I will give thee a crown of life." (Revelation 2:10)

"And I heard a voice from heaven saying unto me, Write, Blessed are the dead which die in the Lord from henceforth: Yea, saith the Spirit, that they may rest from their labours; and their works do follow them." (Revelation 14:13)

"For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life." (John 3:16)

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Oh, how blest are ye whose toils are ended,
Who thro' death have unto God ascended!
Ye have arisen
From the cares which keep us still in prison.

(TLH 589 v.1)

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From the president of the Illinois Lutheran Conference

To all members of congregations of our fellowship:

The preamble to the ILC Constitution states: "We, the undersigned congregations, pastors, and teachers, desiring to do the work of the Lord on a wider scale than that of an individual congregation, do join together into an orthodox Lutheran Conference. We undertake this endeavor in the name of our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ, without whom we can do nothing." Think about those words very carefully, and note particularly that the term WE is used three times. My friends, every congregation of our fellowship and every congregational member is important to our Conference, and I therefore encourage you to take a more involved interest in the ILC by attending our annual delegate conventions. Make plans to participate each year, and bring the family too so that all may worship and fellowship together.

Each member congregation is to have two delegates plus alternates present at the annual ILC convention, yet sadly year after year some congregations send one delegate or none. Do you think that such a lack of interest is pleasing to the Lord? I assure you that it is not, for our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ, says:

"By this shall all men know that ye are my
disciples, if ye have love one to another."

(John 13:35)

It is certainly not loving when Conference business is left to a few individuals when there are many others who could and should also be available to share in the joint work of the ILC in the conservation and promotion of true orthodoxy in the unity of the true faith.

"My little children, let us not love in word,
neither in tongue; but in deed and in truth."

(1 John 3:18)

There is a beautiful portion of Holy Scripture that really emphasizes the importance of every individual Christian to the body of Christ, the Holy Christian Church, and it is 1 Corinthians 12:1-31; please open your Holy Bible and read it, and think about it, and then realize that YOU, fellow Christian, are important to the body of Christ, the Church, for YOU have been given a gift or gifts to use in service to your Savior, Jesus. Remember,

"We love him, because he first loved us."
(1 John 4:19)

Let us show our love to the Lord Jesus by promoting His truth! The Gospel of Christ is so desperately needed in this world of sin and unbelief- won't you do your part in helping to spread it? Support your local congregation and your Conference with your prayers to God, your gifts, your talents, and your time.

Brothers and sisters in ILC congregations, remember that it's YOUR Conference, therefore make an effort to take part in its affairs. Come and enjoy worshipping the Lord together with your fellow Christians of the same faith, and fellowship with them.

"Behold, how good and how pleasant it is
for brethren to dwell together in unity!"

(Psalm 133:1)

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~~~ CONDENSED REPORT ~~~

The 29th Annual
ILC Delegate Convention
Hosted by
Cross of Christ Lutheran Church
of Midland, MI
Robert Sempert - Pastor

--- June 21 & 22, 2007 ---

About 10:00 a.m., the opening worship service was conducted by Pastor Sempert and Pastor Popp preached the sermon on I Peter chapter 1. There were 31 souls present.

[Due to the later starting time because the meeting room was not available till 10 am, the lunch break was taken following the opening service and was graciously provided courtesy of the host congregation.]

After lunch, meeting opened with Hymn 39. Pastors and delegates present for the meeting were 11 men.

Conference Reports:

- President Pr. Popp had no report to make.

- Secretary Mr. Yeomans read through the 2006 Convention report.
There was brief discussion Re: The Brief Statement.
Also brief discussion of Family Altar devotion book.

- Treasurer Mr. Clubb presented the ILC financial statement. Acceptance was moved and passed.

- Missionary at Large: office still vacant at this time.
Pastor Popp reminds that every one of us has the duty to witness for Christ as we have opportunity - we are all missionaries-at-large.

- Visitor: Pastor Finke reported no visits called for.

- Lutheran Reformation Hour:

Lutheran Theological Studies Center:

Congregational reports:

It was agreed to have open floor discussion instead of commitees.

Meeting adjourned about 6:00 pm with prayer and Hymn 52.

About 10:00, the meeting opened with Hymn 3 and reading of Hebrews chapter 11.

Review of minutes was waived till end of the day.

Pastor Latsch presented his paper on "The Superiority of the Received Texts (parts 1-2)" followed by some comments and discussion.

Pastor Sempert moved that the paper be printed in the ILC Journal. Motion passed unanimously.

Pr. Latsch volunteers Eternal Savior Church in Arbor Vitae, WI to host the 2008 Convention.

Regarding Papers: Pastor Latsch is to continue his paper on "The Superiority of the Received Texts."

Election of officers:

Pastor Popp expressed his desire to step down as ILC president.

Pastor Sempert nominated Pastor Latsch and Pastor Latsch nominated Pastor Sempert.
[Pastor Latsch stated his desire that someone of more seniority and experience be the president. Pastor Sempert stated his desire that pastor Latsch be president and that he would happily accept the position of vice president]

So, the majority vote was for Pastor Latsch to be ILC president.

Pastor Sempert was then nominated and elected unanimously for vice-president.

The secretary, and the treasurer, and the visitor were retained in their respective offices.

Pastor Popp was elected to fill the previously vacant office of Missionary at Large.

The motion was made that Charles Clubb III be elected ILC Historian. This passed unanimously.

Pastor Latsch and Pastor Sempert were retained as ILC Journal editors.

It was moved that Pastor Schilling be elected 1 of the Website supervisors and that Pastor Sempert and Mr. Yeomans be retained as the other 2 supervisors.
This was passed unanimously.

The updated ILC officers listing is as follows:

Motion was made to give a gift of $500 to Pastor Schilling toward computer equipment.
Passed unanimously.

A motion was made to send the LRH $1,000 of the amount budgeted. Passed unanimously.

Motion was then made to allot the other $1,000 (budgeted to the LRH) for the purpose of furthering the LRH use of technology to preserve and promote it's sound files with the goal of audio/video sermons, etc. This was passed unanimously.

A motion was made and passed to officially thank Pastor Popp for his years of service as ILC president.

Motion was also made and passed to officially thank the Cross of Christ congregation for hosting this conference.

Treasurer/Historian Mr. Clubb asked that it be noted that his mailing address has changed:

The meeting notes for both days meetings were then read and accepted.

The meeting ended with closing prayers by Pastor Latsch and the singing of Hymns 283 and 644.

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Respectfully Submitted by,

Dave R. Yeomans / ILC Secretary

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Behold, the days come,
saith the Lord GOD,
that I will send a famine in the land,
not a famine of bread, nor a thirst for water,
but of hearing the words of the LORD:
And they shall wander from sea to sea,
and from the north even to the east,
they shall run to and fro to seek
the word of the LORD,
and shall not find it.

(Amos 8:11-12)

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THE SUPERIORITY OF THE RECEIVED TEXTS

I. The subject defined

This paper will address a most important and timely subject in this day and age when the foundational Greek, Hebrew and Aramaic texts of the Holy Scriptures are viewed by most of the clergy and the so-called scholars in the visible Christian Church as requiring near constant changes for what they - the modernists - call updating and improvement. To contend for the superiority of the received texts causes one to labeled "unreasonable" or "old-fashioned" or a "troublemaker" by those who hold the position of the modernists. Nevertheless, to contend for the superiority of the received texts means that the inferiority of their competition must be demonstrated, and this will be done in this paper.

Most of the clergy and laity in the visible Christian Church these days use one or more of the modern versions of the Bible that have flooded the market over the past 50 years, and yet they are for the most part ignorant of the fact that the modern versions of the Bible are based upon different foundational texts than is the Holy Bible King James Version of 1611/1769. Over the past 30 years a number of ILC pastors have written materials exposing the danger of using the various modern English translations by comparing them with the faithful and reliable King James Version, and remarks were included in many of their writings in regards to the differences in translational technique and underlying texts. This paper will focus on the fact that the King James Version of the Holy Bible is the only English translation currently available that is based solely upon the received Hebrew Masoretic Old Testament Text and the Greek New Testament Textus Receptus (received text). The aforementioned texts are called "received" because they have been handed down and received from generation to generation within the visible Christian Church, and for that reason they are also known as the traditional texts. We would all be wise to follow the apostle Paul's admonition to the early Thessalonian Christians, and also what he told the young pastor Timothy: "Therefore, brethren, stand fast, and hold the traditions which ye have been taught, whether by word, or our epistle." (2 Thessalonians 2:15) "Hold fast the form of sound words, which thou hast heard of me, in faith and love which is in Christ Jesus." (2 Timothy 1:13)

The traditional foundational texts of the Holy Bible were not called into question or severely altered by any great number of people until beginning around the mid 1800's. Since that time the vast majority of seminaries, universities, and Bible translators have embraced and now use what are known as the critical Hebrew and Greek texts, which are comparatively rather new-sprung inventions based on a few recently discovered manuscripts of questionable character. What is more, the printed critical editions of these texts are further changed every couple of years (e.g. the Nestle Aland Greek New Testament is currently in its 27th edition). Additionally, the compilers of the altered Old and New Testament texts augment them by making use of other sources of information when applying them in making new versions of the Bible, that is, they do not even remain faithful to their chosen Hebrew and Greek texts! Make no mistake about it, the majority have entirely cast aside the traditional texts in the original tongues; and furthermore, the now commonly used original language Bible texts are being continually revised at an alarming rate, and those changes are reflected to a greater or lesser degree in every modern English Bible translation, and most modern foreign language translations as well.

The danger with all of the fooling around with God's Words is that the Holy Scriptures - together with Christ Himself - are the foundation of our Christian faith, for the Holy Scriptures show us our sin, our need for a Savior, and who the one, true Savior is- the Lord Jesus, true God and true man but one Christ. Hence, we need to stand firm on the Lord Jesus Christ and His true Word, and from our hearts we need to say, as did David, the words of Psalm 11:1-7, "In the LORD put I my trust: how say ye to my soul, Flee as a bird to your mountain? For, lo, the wicked bend their bow, they make ready their arrow upon the string, that they may privily shoot at the upright in heart. If the foundations be destroyed, what can the righteous do? The LORD is in his holy temple, the LORD'S throne is in heaven: his eyes behold, his eyelids try, the children of men. The LORD trieth the righteous: but the wicked and him that loveth violence his soul hateth. Upon the wicked he shall rain snares, fire and brimstone, and an horrible tempest: this shall be the portion of their cup. For the righteous LORD loveth righteousness; his countenance doth behold the upright." Jesus says, Luke 6:47-49, "Whosoever cometh to me, and heareth my sayings, and doeth them, I will shew you to whom he is like: He is like a man which built an house, and digged deep, and laid the foundation on a rock: and when the flood arose, the stream beat vehemently upon that house, and could not shake it: for it was founded upon a rock. But he that heareth, and doeth not, is like a man that without a foundation built an house upon the earth; against which the stream did beat vehemently, and immediately it fell; and the ruin of that house was great." Thus, the foundation of our faith is none other than Jesus Christ the incarnate Word of God and the Holy Scriptures the written Word of God, as is clear from the words of Ephesians 2:19-20, "Now therefore ye are no more strangers and foreigners, but fellowcitizens with the saints, and of the household of God; And are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner stone" -- the apostles having written New Testament books of the Bible, the prophets having written Old Testament books of the Bible, and the entire Bible testifying of Jesus Christ: "For other foundation can no man lay than that is laid, which is Jesus Christ." (1 Corinthians 3:11)

Now, it is true that no one can actually destroy Jesus Christ or His Word, but both can be destroyed in people's hearts and minds if there Christ and His Word are robbed of their true character. Realize that a false Jesus put forth in a false Bible can indeed have a deadly effect, for Jesus says in Luke 9:26, "whosoever shall be ashamed of me and of my words, of him shall the Son of man be ashamed, when he shall come in his own glory, and in his Father's, and of the holy angels." Note well: being ashamed of both Jesus and His words - not just His doctrines - will end with the result of the ashamed person being disowned by Christ on Judgment Day. ALL of God's Words are important, not one excepted; and so, tampering with God's Words is a terrible sin indeed. But, may we take comfort in knowing that the Lord God Almighty remains in charge, and therefore the wicked who would destroy the foundation of our faith will not ultimately succeed. "Jesus Christ the same yesterday, and to day, and for ever." (Hebrews 13:8) The Lord Jesus is the eternal Savior! "The words of the LORD are pure words: as silver tried in a furnace of earth, purified seven times. Thou shalt keep them, O LORD, thou shalt preserve them from this generation for ever." (Psalm 12:6-7) The Word of God may be suppressed by its enemies, but it will always be available to us in its purity to teach us of our Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ.

II. Why the subject is very important

It has already been stated that the danger with all of the fooling around with God's Words is that the prophetic and apostolic Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments together with the incarnate Word - Jesus, the only begotten Son of God - is the foundation of our Christian faith, and so to tamper with the foundation is to tamper with what is of the utmost importance to every child of God. The Bible is the place where God reveals Himself to us not only as the Father and the Holy Ghost, but also as the incarnate Word, Jesus Christ our Lord and only Savior from sin, death, the devil, and hell. We would not have knowledge of who the true God is if He did not tell us of Himself, and thus the true and complete written Word of God is of vital significance to us! However, there are several other reasons why the subject of this paper - "The Superiority of the Received Texts" - is very important, namely: God's promises are involved, God's doctrines are involved, and accordingly God's honor is involved. We will consider these points first in light of Holy Scripture itself because, as the psalmist declares in Psalm 119:103-105, "How sweet are thy words unto my taste! yea, sweeter than honey to my mouth! Through thy precepts I get understanding: therefore I hate every false way. Thy word is a lamp unto my feet, and a light unto my path." And, 1 Timothy 1:17 proclaims: "Now unto the King eternal, immortal, invisible, the only wise God, be honour and glory for ever and ever. Amen."

The truth that the Holy Scriptures were given by inspiration of God when they were first penned is still acknowledged by several Christian groups of various denominational labels, as well as by some who call themselves non-denominational, and the verbal, plenary inspiration of the Bible is certainly a matter of God's doctrine. The Bible says of itself: "All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: That the man of God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works." (2 Timothy 3:16-17) And, "We have also a more sure word of prophecy; whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a light that shineth in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the day star arise in your hearts: Knowing this first, that no prophecy of the scripture is of any private interpretation. For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost." (2 Peter 1:19-21) Consequently, only outright unbelievers deny the verbal and plenary inspiration of the Holy Bible and its supernatural character as it was originally given. However, the number of Christian groups that also hold to the divine, pristine preservation of the Holy Scriptures appears to be relatively few, and yet the Bible teaches its preservation no less than its inspiration, and so the divine, pristine preservation of the Bible is also a matter of God's doctrine, and of God's promises, and thus a matter of God's honor as well. Therefore, we shall see from the evidence which follows that to deny the divine, pristine preservation of Holy Writ also betrays dangerous unbelief, no less than the denial of its divine inspiration.

Let us carefully look at the passages quoted in the previous paragraph as proof for both the verbal, plenary inspiration of the Holy Scriptures and their divine, pristine preservation. We will first consider 2 Timothy 3:16-17, "All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: That the man of God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works."

The first clause reads: All <3956> scripture <1124> is given by inspiration of God <2315> The numbers in brackets (< >) being Strong's Concordance numbers (to assist the non-Greek-reader in identifying the original root word). In the original Greek the clause under consideration reads: pa/sa grafh. qeo,pneustoj. The grammatical and lexical information for the individual words is as follows:

pa/sa adjective nominative feminine singular no degree from pa/j

3956 pa/j pas {pas}
Meaning: 1) individually 1a) each, every, any, all, the whole, everyone, all things, everything 2) collectively 2a) some of all types

grafh. noun nominative feminine singular from grafh,

1124 grafh, graphe {graf-ay'}
Meaning: 1) a writing, thing written 2) the Scripture, used to denote either the book itself, or its contents 3) a certain portion or section of the Holy Scripture
Usage: AV - scripture 51; 51

qeo,pneustoj adjective nominative feminine singular no degree from qeo,pneustoj

2315 qeo,pneustoj {theh-op'-nyoo-stos}
Meaning: 1) inspired by God 1a) the contents of the scriptures
Usage: AV - given by inspiration of God 1; 1

[Friberg's Lexicon] qeo,pneustoj, on of the Scriptures as communication that has been ordained by God's authority and produced by the enabling of his Spirit; strictly God-breathed; hence divinely inspired, inspired by God (2T 3.16)

Furthermore, regarding the grammer of the term qeo,pneustoj (theopneustos), "the Predicate Nominative and Adjective are those parts of a sentence that makes an assertion about the subject" [#6 (CWS)], and hence we see that the divine origin of Holy Scripture is an established fact by the Word of God itself, for God Himself makes the assertion, and God "cannot lie" (Titus 1:2)! Thus, the Holy Bible IS ENTIRELY GOD'S WORD!

The remainder of 2 Timothy 3:16 reads: and is profitable <5624> for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness, and the grammatical and lexical information for the underlined phrase in the original Greek is as follows,

wvfe,limoj adjective nominative masculine singular no degree from wvfe,limoj

5624 wvfe,limoj ophelimos {o-fel'-ee-mos}
Meaning: 1) profitable
Usage: AV - profitable 3, profit + 2076 1; 4

Note that wvfe,limoj - rendered, "is profitable" - is a nominative adjective which, as we noted above, makes an assertion about the subject. That being the case, we see that Holy Scripture - being that it is definitely profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness - must still be currently present or it could not carry out what it asserts in this passage! For verse 17 of 2 Timothy 3 adds: That the man of God may be <5600> (5753) perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works.

The underlined phrase "may be" in the original Greek is the word h=| and is a verb subjunctive present 3rd person singular from eivmi,

5600 w= o {o} including the oblique forms, as well as hj es {ace}, h e {ay}, etc.
Meaning: 1) be, may be, etc.
Usage: AV - be 22, may be 22, should be 6, is 5, might be 2, were 1, not tr 4, misc 4; 66

I draw your attention to the fact that the expression "may be" (h) is present tense, which is defined as follows: "present tense- a set of verb forms that indicate that at the time of the discourse the action in the verb was continuing or being repeated. Examples: I am watching what my brother is doing." [#6 (BW7) Friberg] Also, "The Present Tense in the Indicative Mood represents contemporaneous action, as opposed to action in the past or the future. In moods other than in the indicative mood [such as the subjunctive], it refers only to continuous or repeated action." [#6 (CWS) notation and emphasis mine, m.e.l.] Therefore, since the Holy Scriptures keep on completely furnishing the man of God, the Christian, unto all good works, it is self-evident that ALL of the God-given words which make up the Holy Bible are indeed present and will be present as long as God keeps calling and making Christians! Thus, the preservation of God's Word is taught as well as its inspiration in 2 Timothy 3:16-17.

Now let's consider 2 Peter 1:19-21, which reads, "We have also a more sure word of prophecy; whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a light that shineth in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the day star arise in your hearts: Knowing this first, that no prophecy of the scripture is of any private interpretation. For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost."

In the first clause the apostle Peter says: We have <2192> (5719) also a more sure <949> word of prophecy. When Peter wrote these words by inspiration of God he was adding to the truth that he had just related, namely that, "we have not followed cunningly devised fables, when we made known unto you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but were eyewitnesses of his majesty. For he received from God the Father honour and glory, when there came such a voice to him from the excellent glory, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. And this voice which came from heaven we heard, when we were with him in the holy mount." (2 Peter 1:16-18) Peter, together with James and John, had personally witnessed the transfiguration of the Lord Jesus on the mount, but then in 2 Peter 1:19-21 he added the further truthful witness of the Holy Scriptures- the fact that prophecy had been written concerning the coming of the Lord Jesus Christ. Now, this "word of prophecy" is "a more sure word" that Peter stated "we have".

Note the following details regarding the Greek words behind the underlined English expressions.

The WORD is "more sure" - bebaio,teron adjective accusative masculine singular comparative from be,baioj

949 be,baioj bebaios {beb'-ah-yos}
Meaning: 1) stable, fast, firm 2) metaph. sure, trusty ["altogether reliable" Friberg]
Usage: AV - stedfast 4, sure 2, firm 1, of force 1, more sure 1; 9

The WORD is what "we have" - e;comen verb indicative present active 1st person plural from e;cw

2192 e;cw echo {ekh'-o}
Meaning: 1) to have, i.e. to hold 1a) to have (hold) in the hand, in the sense of wearing, to have (hold) possession of the mind (refers to alarm, agitating emotions, etc.), to hold fast keep, to have or comprise or involve, to regard or consider or hold as 2) to have i.e. own, possess 2a) external things such as pertain to property or riches or furniture or utensils or goods or food etc. 2b) used of those joined to any one by the bonds of natural blood or marriage or friendship or duty or law etc, of attendance or companionship 3) to hold one's self or find one's self so and so, to be in such or such a condition 4) to hold one's self to a thing, to lay hold of a thing, to adhere or cling to 4a) to be closely joined to a person or a thing
Usage: AV - have 613, be 22, need + 5532 12, misc 63, vr have 2; 712

I draw your attention to the fact that the phrase "we have" (e;comen) is present tense, which, as we noted earlier, indicates continuous or repeated action. Thus, the apostle Peter was positive that the Hebrew Old Testament Scriptures were available right then and there; they were not lost; they were preserved intact. Now, since Jesus tells us in John 10:35 that "the scripture cannot be broken," and Isaiah 40:8 declares that "the word of our God shall stand for ever," then we too can be positive that God's Word IS SURE, STEADFAST, AND TRUSTWORTHY, and that WE HAVE GOD'S WORD right up to the present time to rely on and make use of, "For whatsoever things were written aforetime were written for our learning, that we through patience and comfort of the scriptures might have hope." (Romans 15:4)

Furthermore, the fact that "Scripture" includes the New Testament as well as the Old Testament is established by the inspired words of St. Peter in his 2nd epistle, chapter 3, verses 15 & 16, "And account that the longsuffering of our Lord is salvation; even as our beloved brother Paul also according to the wisdom given unto him hath written unto you; As also in all his epistles, speaking in them of these things; in which are some things hard to be understood, which they that are unlearned and unstable wrest, as they do also the other scriptures, unto their own destruction." Note that the epistles of Paul are equated with the other Scriptures, which proves them to be given by inspiration of God. Additionally, the apostle Paul wrote to the Christians at Corinth as follows: "what man knoweth the things of a man, save the spirit of man which is in him? even so the things of God knoweth no man, but the Spirit of God. Now we have received, not the spirit of the world, but the spirit which is of God; that we might know the things that are freely given to us of God. Which things also we speak, not in the words which man's wisdom teacheth, but which the Holy Ghost teacheth; comparing spiritual things with spiritual." (1 Corinthians 2:11-13) Hence, Paul and his fellow apostles all spoke words that the Holy Ghost gave them to speak, and those words were recorded for our learning. Thus, the prophetic and apostolic Scriptures were given by inspiration of God and have been preserved by God.

After the opening clause in verse 19 of 2nd Peter chapter 1, the apostle concludes the verse: whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a light that shineth <5316> in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the day star arise in your hearts. We all do well when we take heed to the Scriptures which enlighten our sin-darkened hearts and shine Jesus the Light of the world into them, "For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ." (2 Corinthians 4:6) Jesus is the "day star" for He is "the Sun of righteousness" who has arisen "with healing in his wings." (Malachi 4:2) Without the Word of God there could be no spiritual enlightenment, no personal faith in Christ as Savior and Lord, because, "faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the word of God." (Romans 10:17) Moreover, spiritual life can only be healthy and growing if one feeds on ALL of God's Word, for Jesus says in Luke 4:4, "It is written, That man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word of God." Note well: every <3956> word of God (panti. r`h,mati Qeou/);

panti. adjective dative neuter singular no degree from pa/j

3956 pa/j pas {pas}
Meaning: 1) individually 1a) each, every, any, all, the whole, everyone, all things, everything 2) collectively 2a) some of all types

Now, if we are to live by every Word of God then we must certainly have every Word of God- that's Scripture preservation guaranteed! Looking back at the underlined expression in 2 Peter 1:19, notice that the Light of God's Word, the sure word of prophecy, is as that "that shineth," which in the Greek is:

fai,nonti verb participle present middle or passive dative masculine singular from fai,nw

5316 fai,nw phaino {fah'-ee-no}
Meaning: 1) to bring forth into the light, cause to shine, shed light 2) shine 2a) to shine, be bright or resplendent 2b) to become evident, to be brought forth into the light, come to view, appear 2b1) of growing vegetation, to come to light 2b2) to appear, be seen 2b3) exposed to view 2c) to meet the eyes, strike the sight, become clear or manifest 2c1) to be seen, appear 2d) to appear to the mind, seem to one's judgment or opinion
Usage: AV - appear 17, shine 10, be seen 2, seem 1, think 1; 31

I call your attention to the fact that the phrase "that shineth" (fai,nonti) is a present participle, and, "The Present Tense in the Indicative Mood represents contemporaneous action, as opposed to action in the past or the future. In moods other than in the indicative mood, it refers only to continuous or repeated action. The Participle is a verbal adjective. As such, the participle may function as a verb, noun, or adjective in the sentence." [#6 (CWS)] Therefore, just as light to this very day illuminates a dark place, so God's Word continues to illuminate man's heart that is by nature dark with sin. Thus, the grammar of the original Greek proves the continued presence of God's Word among men to enlighten them, and so Holy Scripture has been preserved that it may continue to convert sinners to the Savior.

Now consider 2 Peter 1:20-21, Knowing this first, that no prophecy <4394> of the scripture is of any private <2398> interpretation <1955>. For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost.

The lexical information for the Greek behind the words "prophecy"; "private"; and "interpretation" is as follows:

4394 profhtei,a propheteia {prof-ay-ti'-ah}
Meaning: 1) prophecy 1a) a discourse emanating from divine inspiration and declaring the purposes of God, whether by reproving and admonishing the wicked, or comforting the afflicted, or revealing things hidden; esp. by foretelling future events 1b) Used in the NT of the utterance of OT prophets 1b1) of the prediction of events relating to Christ's kingdom and its speedy triumph, together with the consolations and admonitions pertaining to it, the spirit of prophecy, the divine mind, to which the prophetic faculty is due 1b2) of the endowment and speech of the Christian teachers called prophets 1b3) the gifts and utterances of these prophets, esp. of the predictions of the works of which, set apart to teach the gospel, will accomplish for the kingdom of Christ
Usage: AV - prophecy 16, prophesying 3; 19

2398 i;dioj idios {id'-ee-os}
Meaning: 1) pertaining to one's self, one's own, belonging to one's self
Usage: AV - his own 48, their own 13, privately 8, apart 7, your own 6, his 5, own 5, not tr 1, misc 20; 113

1955 evpi,lusij epilusis {ep-il'-oo-sis}
Meaning: 1) a loosening, unloosing 2) metaph. interpretation
Usage: AV - interpretation 1; 1

Note that the Source of Scripture, the Source of Biblical prophecy, and the Source of its meaning is GOD the HOLY GHOST! This certainly teaches that every prophecy of Scripture is inspired by God, and it also teaches that no prophecy of Scripture - including those about itself - is to be bent to conform to one's own notions. It was not by man's will that the Word of God came in old time, but God the Holy Ghost moved chosen, holy men to speak His Word. Holy Scripture is unique among all the books in this world, because only the Holy Bible was given to us by God and is preserved to us by God, and this is a matter of God's doctrine and His unbreakable promises, and accordingly a matter of His honor.

The passages that we've looked at in detail thus far have already demonstrated that the divine pristine preservation of the Holy Scriptures is taught by Holy Writ itself no less than their divine inspiration. Now also consider some of the words of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ in His High Priestly prayer to His heavenly Father before He gave Himself into death for our sins: "Sanctify them through thy truth: thy word is truth. As thou hast sent me into the world, even so have I also sent them into the world. And for their sakes I sanctify myself, that they also might be sanctified through the truth. Neither pray I for these alone, but for them also which shall believe on me through their word." (John 17:17-20)

The underlined words of Jesus Christ teach that faith in Him would continue to come about through the word of His apostles (the New Testament), and that means that their word (which is given by inspiration of God, and is thus God's Word which is truth) would always be available to convert sinners to the Savior since the phrase "which shall believe" is future tense (pisteuso,ntwn verb participle future active genitive masculine plural from pisteu,w). {Note: "The tenses of the participle, like those of the other dependent moods, do not, in general, in themselves denote time. To this general rule the Future Participle is the leading exception, its functions being such as necessarily to express time-relations. The Future Participle represents an action as future from the point of view of the principal verb." [#6 (BW7) Burton, Moods and Tenses of New Testament Greek] And, "The Active Voice represents the action as being accomplished by the subject of the verb." [#6 (CWS)]} Consequently, the preferred Greek manuscripts of the modernists (manuscripts "Aleph" & "B" that were lost and unused for better than 1,000 years) which disagree in many areas with the traditional (received) texts, cannot possibly be the true Word of God because if they were the true Word of God then it would mean that the Lord lied about the apostle's word always being available to convert sinners to the Savior- and remember that the apostle's word is God's Word of Truth that He gave them! But, God does not break His promises, including His promises to preserve His Word; "God forbid: yea, let God be true, but every man a liar." (Romans 3:4)

The following is a list of some of the many unbreakable promises of God concerning the preservation of His Word.

Psalm 105:7-8, "He is the LORD our God: his judgments are in all the earth. He hath remembered his covenant for ever <5769>, the word which he commanded to a thousand generations." That's certainly testimony that God's Word stands firm and will be preserved!

Psalm 119:89-90, 111, 152 & 160, "For ever, O LORD, thy word is settled in heaven. Thy faithfulness is unto all generations: thou hast established the earth, and it abideth. Thy testimonies have I taken as an heritage for ever: for they are the rejoicing of my heart. Concerning thy testimonies, I have known of old that thou hast founded them for ever. Thy word is true from the beginning: and every one of thy righteous judgments endureth for ever <5769>." God's Word stands forever, it is settled in heaven, God does not change it; and the truth that God is faithful to all generations is demonstrated by the fact that His Word that is settled in heaven has been given to us on Earth as an heritage forever. Sinful men may change God's Word on Earth, add or take away from it, but they can never eradicate His TRUE WORD which is forever settled. Definitely divine preservation!

Isaiah 40:8, "The grass withereth, the flower fadeth: but the word of our God shall stand for ever <5769>." God's Word is not like the grass and flowers of the field which are here today and gone tomorrow; no, God's Word is everlasting; He promises us that it is so; that's Bible preservation!

The Hebrew behind the expression "for ever" is:

5769 ~l'A[ `owlam {o-lawm'} or ~l'[o `olam {o-lawm'}
Meaning: 1) long duration, antiquity, futurity, for ever, ever, everlasting, evermore, perpetual, old, ancient, world 1a) ancient time, long time (of past) 1b) (of future) 1b1) for ever, always 1b2) continuous existence, perpetual 1b3) everlasting, indefinite or unending future, eternity
Usage: AV - ever 272, everlasting 63, old 22, perpetual 22, evermore 15, never 13, time 6, ancient 5, world 4, always 3, alway 2, long 2, more 2, never + 0408 2, misc 6; 439

In the Old Testament the expression "is written" occurs 24 times in reference to God's Word:

The Hebrew root word (Aramaic in Ezra 6:18) behind the phrase "is written" is:

3789 bt;K' kathab {kaw-thab'}
Meaning: 1) to write, record, enrol 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to write, inscribe, engrave, write in, write on 1a2) to write down, describe in writing 1a3) to register, enrol, record 1a4) to decree 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be written 1b2) to be written down, be recorded, be enrolled 1c) (Piel) to continue writing
Usage: AV - write 210, describe 7, subscribe 4, recorded 1, write up 1; 223

{Stem - Qal; Mood - Participle Passive}
"The Qal Participle Passive (qptp) is a verbal adjective in the passive voice indicating continued, simple action. It is often used of a state that has come into existence and continues to exist." [#6 (CWS)]

Note then that God's Word that the Old Testament prophets penned as they were moved by the Holy Ghost came into existence and continues to exist! That is Scripture preservation!

In the New Testament the expression "is written" occurs 70 times in reference to God's Word:

The Greek root word behind the phrase "is written" is:

1125 gra,fw grapho {graf'-o}
Meaning: 1) to write, with reference to the form of the letters 1a) to delineate (or form) letters on a tablet, parchment, paper, or other material 2) to write, with reference to the contents of the writing 2a) to express in written characters 2b) to commit to writing (things not to be forgotten), write down, record 2c) used of those things which stand written in the sacred books (of the OT) 2d) to write to one, i.e. by writing (in a written epistle) to give information, directions 3) to fill with writing 4) to draw up in writing, compose
Usage: AV - write 206, writing 1, describe 1, vr write 1; 209

{Tense - Perfect; Voice - Passive; Mood - Indicative; most often the form in the Greek text is ge,graptai verb indicative perfect passive 3rd person singular from gra,fw}

"The perfect tense in Greek corresponds to the perfect tense in English, and describes an action which is viewed as having been completed in the past, once and for all, not needing to be repeated." [#6 (BW7)]

"The Perfect Tense describes an action, or more correctly a process, that took place in the past, the results of which have continued to the present. The Passive Voice represents the subject as receiving the action of the verb. The Indicative Mood makes an assertion of fact and is used with all six Greek tenses. The use of the word gégraptai, it is written, in the perfect tense refers authoritatively to what is found written in Holy Scripture and denotes legislative act or enactment. In the sphere of revelation, the written records hold this authoritative position, and gégraptai always implies an appeal to the indisputable and legal authority of the passage quoted (Matt. 4:4, 6, 7, 10; 11:10). It is completed by additions such as "in the law" (Luke 2:23; 10:26); "in the book of the words of Isaiah" (Luke 3:4); "in the prophets" (John 6:45)." [#6 (CWS)]

Note well that the Holy Word of God, the prophetic and apostolic Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments, stands written for all time! That is certainly Scripture preservation!

m.e.l.

~ ~ ~
To Be Continued

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What Luther Says

3772 - Scripture the Most Ancient and Modern Authority

Whatever is altered in order to conform to the word of God is no innovation. All customs, no matter how good they are, must give way to the Word of God. Your own law says this. God and His Word are older than you are, and no doubt they will also be younger and newer than you or we are, because they are eternal. Therefore the Word must alter and rule both the old and the new and not be altered or ruled by either the new or the old.
(W 30 II, 320 --- E 24, 386 --- SL 16, 972)

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Apology

[defense]

of the

Augsburg Confession

---------------------------

Article I: Of God.p

1] The First Article of our Confession our adversaries approve, in which we declare that we believe and teach that there is one divine essence, undivided, etc., and yet, that there are three distinct persons, of the same divine essence, and coeternal, Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. 2] This article we have always taught and defended, and we believe that it has, in Holy Scripture, sure and firm testimonies that cannot be overthrown. And we constantly affirm that those thinking otherwise are outside of the Church of Christ. and are idolaters, and insult God. p

Article II (I): Of Original Sin.

1] The Second Article, Of Original Sin, the adversaries approve, but in such a way that they, nevertheless, censure the definition of original sin, which we incidentally gave. Here, immediately at the very threshold, His Imperial Majesty will discover that the writers of the Confutation were deficient not only in judgment, but also in candor. For whereas we, with a simple mind, desired, in passing, to recount those things which original sin embraces, these men, by framing an invidious interpretation, artfully distort a proposition that has in it nothing which of itself is wrong. Thus they say: "To be without the fear of God, to be without faith, is actual guilt;" and therefore they deny that it is original guilt.

2] It is quite evident that such subtilties have originated in the schools, not in the council of the Emperor. But although this sophistry can be very easily refuted; yet, in order that all good men may understand that we teach in this matter nothing that is absurd, we ask first of all that the German Confession be examined. This will free us from the suspicion of novelty. For there it is written: Weiter wird gelehrt, dass nach dem Fall Adams alle Menschen, so natuerlich geboren werden, in Suenden empfangen und geboren werden, das ist, dass sie alle von Mutterleibe an voll boeser Lueste und Neigung sind, keine wahre Gottesfurcht, keinen wahren Glauben an Gott von Natur haben koennen. [It is further taught that since the Fall of Adam all men who are naturally born are conceived and born in sin, i.e., that they all, from their mother's womb, are full of evil desire and inclination, and can have by nature no true fear of God, no true faith in God.] 3] This passage testifies that we deny to those propagated according to carnal nature not only the acts, but also the power or gifts of producing fear and trust in God. For we say that those thus born have concupiscence, and cannot produce true fear and trust in God. What is there here with which fault can be found? To good men, we think, indeed, that we have exculpated ourselves sufficiently. For in this sense the Latin description denies to nature [even to innocent infants] the power, i.e., it denies the gifts and energy by which to produce fear and trust in God, and, in adults [over and above this innate evil disposition of the heart, also] the acts, so that, when we mention concupiscence, we understand not only the acts or fruits, but the constant inclination of the nature [the evil inclination within, which does not cease as long as we are not born anew through the Spirit and faith].

4] But hereafter we will show more fully that our description agrees with the usual and ancient definition. For we must first show our design in preferring to employ these words in this place. In their schools the adversaries confess that "the material," as they call it, "of original sin is concupiscence." Wherefore, in framing the definition, this should not have been passed by, especially at this time, when some are philosophizing concerning it in a manner unbecoming teachers of religion [are speaking concerning this innate, wicked desire more after the manner of heathen from philosophy than according to God's Word, or Holy Scripture].

5] For some contend that original sin is not a depravity or corruption in the nature of man, but only servitude, or a condition of mortality [not an innate evil nature, but only a blemish or imposed load, or burden], which those propagated from Adam bear because of the guilt of another [namely, Adam's sin], and without any depravity of their own. Besides, they add that no one is condemned to eternal death on account of original sin, just as those who are born of a bond-woman are slaves, and bear this condition without any natural blemish, but because of the calamity of their mother [while, of themselves, they are born without fault, like other men: thus original sin is not an innate evil, but a defect and burden which we bear since Adam, but we are not on that account personally in sin and inherited disgrace]. 6] To show that this impious opinion is displeasing to us, we made mention of "concupiscence," and, with the best intention, have termed and explained it as "diseases," that "the nature of men is born corrupt and full of faults" [not a part of man, but the entire person with its entire nature is born in sin as with a hereditary disease]

7] Nor, indeed, have we only made use of the term concupiscence, but we have also said that "the fear of God and faith are wanting." This we have added with the following design: The scholastic teachers also, not sufficiently understanding the definition of original sin, which they have received from the Fathers, extenuate the sin of origin. They contend concerning the fomes [or evil inclination] that it is a quality of [blemish in the] body, and, with their usual folly, ask whether this quality be derived from the contagion of the apple or from the breath of the serpent, and whether it be increased by remedies. With such questions they have suppressed the main point. 8] Therefore, when they speak of the sin of origin, they do not mention the more serious faults of human nature, to wit, ignorance of God, contempt for God, being destitute of fear and confidence in God, hatred of God's judgment, flight from God [as from a tyrant] when He judges, anger toward God, despair of grace, putting one's trust in present things [money, property, friends], etc. These diseases, which are in the highest degree contrary to the Law of God, the scholastics do not notice; yea, to human nature they meanwhile ascribe unimpaired strength for loving God above all things, and for fulfilling God's commandments according to the substance of the acts, nor do they see 9] that they are saying things that are contradictory to one another. For what else is the being able in one's own strength to love God above all things, and to fulfil His commandments, than to have original righteousness [to be a new creature in Paradise, entirely pure and holy]? 10] But if human nature have such strength as to be able of itself to love God above all things as the scholastics confidently affirm, what will original sin be? For what will there be need of the grace of Christ if we can be justified by our own righteousness [powers]? For what will there be need of the Holy Ghost if human strength can by itself 11] love God above all things, and fulfil God's commandments? Who does not see what preposterous thoughts our adversaries entertain? The lighter diseases in the nature of man they acknowledge, the more severe they do not acknowledge; and yet of these, Scripture everywhere admonishes us, and the prophets constantly complain [as the 13th Psalm, and some other psalms say, Ps. 14, 1-3; 5, 9; 140, 3; 36, 1], namely, of carnal security, of the contempt of God, of hatred toward God, and of similar faults born with us. [For Scripture clearly says that all these things are not blown at us, but born with us.] 12] But after the scholastics mingled with Christian doctrine philosophy concerning the perfection of nature [light of reason], and ascribed to the free will and the acts springing therefrom more than was sufficient, and taught that men are justified before God by philosophic or civil righteousness (which we also confess to be subject to reason, and, in a measure, within our power), they could not see the inner 13] uncleanness of the nature of men. For this cannot be judged except from the Word of God, of which the scholastics, in their discussions, do not frequently treat.

14] These were the reasons why, in the description of original sin, we made mention of concupiscence also, and denied to man's natural strength the fear of God and trust in Him. For we wished to indicate that original sin contains also these diseases, namely, ignorance of God, contempt for God, the being destitute of the fear of God and trust in Him, inability to love God. These are the chief faults of human nature, conflicting especially with the first table of the Decalog.

15] Neither have we said anything new. The ancient definition understood aright expresses precisely the same thing when it says: "Original sin is the absence of original righteousness" [a lack of the first purity and righteousness in Paradise]. But what is righteousness? Here the scholastics wrangle about dialectic questions; they do not explain what original righteousness is. 16] Now in the Scriptures, righteousness comprises not only the second table of the Decalog [regarding good works in serving our fellow-man], but the first also, which teaches concerning 17] the fear of God, concerning faith, concerning the love of God. Therefore original righteousness was to embrace not only an even temperament of the bodily qualities [perfect health and, in all respects, pure blood, unimpaired powers of the body, as they contend], but also these gifts, namely, a quite certain knowledge of God, fear of God, confidence in God, or certainly 18] the rectitude and power to yield these affections [but the greatest feature in that noble first creature was a bright light in the heart to know God and His work, etc.]. And Scripture testifies to this, when it says, Gen. 1, 27, that man was fashioned in the image and likeness of God. What else is this than that there were embodied in man such wisdom and righteousness as apprehended God, and in which God was reflected, i.e., to man there were given the gifts of the knowledge of God, the fear of God, confidence in God, and the like? 19] For thus Irenaeus and Ambrose interpret the likeness to God, the latter of whom not only says many things to this effect, but especially declares: That soul is not, therefore, in the image of God, in which God is not at all times. 20] And Paul shows in the Epistles to the Ephesians, 5, 9, and Colossians, 3, 10, that the image of God is the knowledge of God, righteousness, and truth. 21] Nor does Longobard fear to say that original righteousness is the very likeness to God which God implanted in man. 22] We recount the opinions of the ancients, which in no way interfere with Augustine's interpretation of the image.

23] Therefore the ancient definition, when it says that sin is the lack of righteousness, not only denies obedience with respect to man's lower powers [that man is not only corrupt in his body and its meanest and lowest faculties], but also denies the knowledge of God, confidence in God, the fear and love of God or certainly the power to produce these affections [the light in the heart which creates a love and desire for these matters]. For even the theologians themselves teach in their schools that these are not produced without certain gifts and the aid of grace. In order that the matter may be understood, we term these very gifts the knowledge of God, and fear and confidence in God. From these facts it appears that the ancient definition says precisely the same thing that we say, denying fear and confidence toward God, to wit, not only the acts, but also the gifts and power to produce these acts [that we have no good heart toward God, which truly loves God, not only that we are unable to do or achieve any perfectly good work].

24] Of the same import is the definition which occurs in the writings of Augustine, who is accustomed to define original sin as concupiscence [wicked desire]. For he means that when righteousness had been lost, concupiscence came in its place. For inasmuch as diseased nature cannot fear and love God and believe God, it seeks and loves carnal things. God's judgment it either contemns, when at ease, or hates, when thoroughly terrified. Thus Augustine includes both the defect and 25] the vicious habit which has come in its place. Nor indeed is concupiscence only a corruption of the qualities of the body, but also, in the higher powers, a vicious turning to carnal things. Nor do those persons see what they say who ascribe to man at the same time concupiscence that is not entirely destroyed by the Holy Ghost, and love to God above all things.

26] We, therefore, have been right in expressing, in our description of original sin, both namely, these defects: the not being able to believe God, the not being able to fear and love God; and, likewise: the having concupiscence, which seeks carnal things contrary to God's Word, i.e., seeks not only the pleasure of the body, but also carnal wisdom and righteousness, and, contemning God, trusts in these as good things. 27] Nor only the ancients [like Augustine and others], but also the more recent [teachers and scholastics], at least the wiser ones among them, teach that original sin is at the same time truly these, namely, the defects which I have recounted, and concupiscence. For Thomas says thus: Original sin comprehends the loss of original righteousness, and with this an inordinate disposition of the parts of the soul; whence it is not pure loss, but a corrupt habit [something positive]. 28] And Bonaventura: When the question is asked, What is original sin? the correct answer is, that it is immoderate [unchecked] concupiscence. The correct answer is also, that it is want of the righteousness that is due. And in one of these replies the other is included. 29] The same is the opinion of Hugo, when he says that original sin is ignorance in the mind and concupiscence in the flesh. For he thereby indicates that when we are born, we bring with us ignorance of God, unbelief, distrust, contempt, and hatred of God. 30] For when he mentions ignorance, he includes these. And these opinions [even of the most recent teachers] also agree with Scripture. For Paul sometimes expressly calls it a defect [a lack of divine light], as 1 Cor. 2, 14: The natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God. 31] In another place, Rom. 7, 5, he calls it concupiscence, working in our members to bring forth fruit unto death. We could cite more passages relating to both parts; but in regard to a manifest fact there is no need of testimonies. And the intelligent reader will readily be able to decide that to be without the fear of God and without faith are more than actual guilt. For they are abiding defects in our unrenewed nature.

32] In reference to original sin we therefore hold nothing differing either from Scripture or from the Church catholic, but cleanse from corruptions and restore to light most important declarations of Scripture and of the Fathers, that had been covered over by the sophistical controversies of modern theologians. For it is manifest from the subject itself that modern theologians have not noticed what the Fathers meant when they spake of defect [lack of original righteousness]. 33] But the knowledge of original sin is necessary. For the magnitude of the grace of Christ cannot be understood [no one can heartily long and have a desire for Christ, for the inexpressibly great treasure of divine favor and grace which the Gospel offers], unless our diseases be recognized. [As Christ says Matt. 9, 12; Mark 2, 17: They that are whole need not a physician.] The entire righteousness of man is mere hypocrisy [and abomination] before God, unless we acknowledge that our heart is naturally 34] destitute of love, fear, and confidence in God [that we are miserable sinners who are in disgrace with God]. For this reason the prophet Jeremiah 31, 19, says: After that I was instructed, I smote upon my thigh. Likewise Ps. 116, 11: I said in my haste, All men are liars, i.e., not thinking aright concerning God.

35] Here our adversaries inveigh against Luther also because he wrote that "Original sin remains after Baptism." They add that this article was justly condemned by Leo X. But His Imperial Majesty will find on this point a manifest slander. For our adversaries know in what sense Luther intended this remark that original sin remains after Baptism. He always wrote thus, namely, that Baptism removes the guilt of original sin, although the material, as they call it, of the sin, i.e., concupiscence, remains. He also added in reference to the material that the Holy Ghost, given through Baptism, begins to mortify the concupiscence, and creates new movements [a new light, a new sense and spirit] in man. 36] In the same-manner, Augustine also speaks, who says: Sin is remitted in Baptism, not in such a manner that it no longer exists, but so that it is not imputed. Here he confesses openly that sin exists, i.e., that it remains, although it is not imputed. And this judgment was so agreeable to those who succeeded him that it was recited also in the decrees. Also against Julian, Augustine says: The Law, which is in the members, has been annulled by spiritual regeneration, and remains in the mortal flesh. It has been annulled because the guilt has been remitted in the Sacrament, by which believers are born again; but it remains, because it produces desires, against which believers contend. 37] Our adversaries know that Luther believes and teaches thus, and while they cannot reject the matter they nevertheless pervert his words, in order by this artifice to crush an innocent man.

38] But they contend that concupiscence is a penalty, and not a sin [a burden and imposed penalty, and is not such a sin as is subject to death and condemnation]. Luther maintains that it is a sin. It has been said above that Augustine defines original sin as concupiscence. If there be anything disadvantageous in this opinion, 39] let them quarrel with Augustine. Besides Paul says, Rom. 7, 7. 23: I had not known lust (concupiscence), except the Law had said, Thou shalt not covet. Likewise: I see another law in my members, warring against the law of my mind, and bringing me into captivity to the law of sin which is in my members. These testimonies can be overthrown by no sophistry. [All devils, all men cannot overthrow them.] 40] For they clearly call concupiscence sin, which, nevertheless, is not imputed to those who are in Christ, although by nature it is a matter worthy of death where it is not forgiven. 41] Thus, beyond all controversy, the Fathers believe. For Augustine, in a long discussion, refutes the opinion of those who thought that concupiscence in man is not a fault, but an adiaphoron, as color of the body or ill health is said to be an adiaphoron [as to have a black or a white body is neither good nor evil].

42] But if the adversaries will contend that the fomes [or evil inclination] is an adiaphoron, not only many passages of Scripture, but simply the entire Church [and all the Fathers] will contradict them. For [even if not entire consent, but only the inclination and desire be there] who ever dared to say that these matters, even though perfect agreement could not be attained, were adiaphora, namely, to doubt concerning God's wrath, concerning God's grace, concerning God's Word, to be angry at the judgments of God, to be provoked because God does not at once deliver one from afflictions, to murmur because the wicked enjoy a better fortune than the good, to be urged on by wrath, 43] lust, the desire for glory, wealth, etc.? And yet godly men acknowledge these in themselves, as appears in the Psalms and the prophets. [For all tried, Christian hearts know, alas! that these evils are wrapped up in man's skin, namely to esteem money, goods, and all other matters more highly than God, and to spend our lives in security; again, that after the manner of our carnal security we always imagine that God's wrath against sin is not as serious and great as it verily is. Again, that we murmur against the doing and will of God, when He does not succor us speedily in our tribulations, and arranges our affairs to please us. Again, we experience every day that it hurts us to see wicked people in good fortune in this world, as David and all the saints have complained. Over and above this, all men feel that their hearts are easily inflamed, now with ambition, now with anger and wrath, now with lewdness.] But in the schools they transferred hither from philosophy notions entirely different, that, because of passions, we are neither good nor evil, we are neither deserving of praise nor blame. Likewise, that nothing is sin, unless it be voluntary [inner desires and thoughts are not sins, if I do not altogether consent thereto]. These notions were expressed among philosophers with respect to civil righteousness, and not with respect to God's judgment. [For there it is true, as the jurists say, L. cogitationis, thoughts are exempt from custom and punishment. But God searches the hearts; in God's court and judgment it is different.] With no greater prudence they add also other notions, such as, that [God's creature and] nature is not [cannot in itself be] evil. In its proper place we do not censure this; but it is not right to twist it into an extenuation of original sin. And, nevertheless, these notions are read in the works of scholastics, who inappropriately mingle philosophy or civil doctrine concerning ethics with the Gospel. 44] Nor were these matters only disputed in the schools, but, as is usually the case, were carried from the schools to the people. And these persuasions [godless, erroneous, dangerous, harmful teachings] prevailed, and nourished confidence in human strength, and suppressed the knowledge of Christ's grace. 45] Therefore, Luther wishing to declare the magnitude of original sin and of human infirmity [what a grievous mortal guilt original sin is in the sight of God], taught that these remnants of original sin [after Baptism] are not, by their own nature, adiaphora in man, but that, for their non-imputation, they need the grace of Christ and, likewise for their mortification, the Holy Ghost.

46] Although the scholastics extenuate both sin and punishment when they teach that man, by his own strength, can fulfil the commandments of God; in Genesis the punishment, imposed on account of original sin, is described otherwise. For there human nature is subjected not only to death and other bodily evils, but also to the kingdom of the devil. For there, Gen. 3, 15, this fearful sentence is proclaimed: I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed. 47] The defects and the concupiscence are punishments and sins. Death and other bodily evils, and the dominion of the devil, are properly punishments. For human nature has been delivered into slavery and is held captive by the devil, who infatuates it with wicked opinions and errors, and 48] impels it to sins of every kind. But just as the devil cannot be conquered except by the aid of Christ, so by our own strength we cannot free ourselves 49] from this slavery. Even the history of the world shows how great is the power of the devil's kingdom. The world is full of blasphemies against God and of wicked opinions, and the devil keeps entangled in these bands those who are wise and 50] righteous [many hypocrites who appear holy] in the sight of the world. In other persons grosser vices manifest themselves. But since Christ was given to us to remove both these sins and these punishments, and to destroy the kingdom of the devil, sin and death, it will not be possible to recognize the benefits of Christ unless we understand our evils. For this reason our preachers have diligently taught concerning these subjects, and have delivered nothing that is new, but have set forth Holy Scripture and the judgments of the holy Fathers.

51] We think that this will satisfy His Imperial Majesty concerning the puerile and trivial sophistry with which the adversaries have perverted our article. For we know that we believe aright and in harmony with the Church catholic of Christ. But if the adversaries will renew this controversy, there will be no want among us of those who will reply and defend the truth. For in this case our adversaries, to a great extent, do not understand what they say. They often speak what is contradictory, and neither explain correctly and logically that which is essential to [i.e., that which is or is not properly of the essence of] original sin, nor what they call defects. But we have been unwilling at this place to examine their contests with any very great subtlety. We have thought it worth while only to recite, in customary and well-known words, the belief of the holy Fathers, which we also follow.

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To Be Continued

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~ FOR YOUR NOTICE ~
THE 2008 ILC DELEGATE CONVENTION
is to be hosted by
Eternal Savior Ev. Lutheran Church
in Arbor Vitae, Wisconsin

June 19 & 20, 2008

{{{{{ V.B.S. is planned }}}}}

Please make early arrangements to attend.
We pray we will see you and your family there !

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The Lutheran Hymnal - 68

The advent of our King
Our prayers must now employ,
And we must hymns of welcome sing
In strains of holy joy.

The everlasting Son
Incarnate deigns to be;
Himself a servant's form puts on
To set His servants free.

O Zion's Daughter, rise
To meet thy lowly King,
Nor let thy faithless heart despise
The peace He comes to bring.

As Judge, on clouds of light,
He soon will come again
And His true members all unite
With Him in heav'n to reign.

Before the dawning day
Let sin's dark deeds be gone,
The old man all be put away,
The new man all put on.

All glory to the Son,
Who comes to set us free,
With Father, Spirit, ever One,
Through all eternity.

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